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Periodontitis is a form of periodontal disease classified as serious infection that if left untreated can lead to tooth loss.  When you say periodontal, it means “around the tooth”.  Periodontal disease is a chronic or persistent bacterial infection that affects the gums and bone supporting the teeth.  It can affect one or many teeth.  It starts when the bacteria in plaque causes the gums to become inflamed and cause it to bleed.

Periodontitis is the severe form of periodontal disease if compared to gingivitis.  Gingivitis, if left untreated, can lead to periodontitis.  Bacteria accumulated in the deep pockets bring about plaque.  Plaque serves as the breeding place of bacteria.  The bacteria in plaque produce toxins which irritate the gums.  The toxins motivate a chronic inflammatory response which in turn breaks down and destroy the tissues and bone that support the teeth.  As the disease advance, the pockets deepen and more gum tissue and bone are destroyed.  This very destructive process usually has symptoms which cannot be easily felt nor noticed.  More often than not, it takes a professional in the dental field to diagnose the problem.  With periodontitis, the teeth can become loose over time, bringing about pain with the mere action of chewing.  This condition later necessitates the tooth or teeth to be removed.

There are many forms or degree of periodontitis.  Some of the most common ones are as follows:

• Aggressive periodontitis – This is an offshoot from a long-term disease or familial aggregation.  A patient who is clinically unhealthy is susceptible to fast attachment loss and bone destruction.  The dental region is not spared with this after effects; instead the first one to show the signs.
• Periodontitis due to systemic diseases – This one often begins at a young age.  Systemic diseases include conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes and respiratory disease.  These conditions are often are associated with periodontitis as bacteria gets to travel on the blood vessels reaching the dental region.
• Chronic periodontitis – Chronic means recurring, unending, unceasing.  This often results from pocket formation and recession of the gingiva.  Just like other forms, chronic periodontitis exhibits inflammation within the supporting tissues of the teeth, attachment and bone loss.  Chronic periodontitis is widespread in adults but can occur at any age depending on one’s oral health practices.  Development of attachment loss usually takes place gradually but stages of rapid progression can occur.
• Necrotizing periodontal disease – This form of periodontal infection is characterized by necrosis or death of gingival tissues, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone.  This is periodontal disease in seen in individuals with systemic conditions such as malnutrition and HIV infection.

Regardless of the type of periodontitis, it is such a very detrimental condition to have.  So as much as possible, stop gum infection before it even attempts to develop.